Automotive vehicle



May 10,1927. 1,628,350 R. W. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE Original Filed Anril 16. 1926 11 S eets-Sheet 1 y R. w. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE 'v'Iu'HiCLE Original Filed April 16. 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 10, 1927. 1,628,350

I R. w. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE Original med April 16. 1926 11 e e t 3 M I m.

.. May 10,1927. 1,628,350.

R. W. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE Original Filed Abril 16, 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 4 May 10, 1927. I

R. w. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE ori inal Filed April 16. 1926 I ll Sheets-Sheet 5 1,628,350 May 10, 1927. R W BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHI CLE Original Filed April 16. 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 1,628,350 M y 1927' R. w. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE Original Filed April 16. 1926 ll Sheets-Sheet /.&////////////4 I I 1 587 E 633 497 59/ H 635 12 55 63/ I May 10-, 1927.

R. W. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE 11 Sheets-Sheet 8 Original Filed April 16. l 926 May 10,1927. 1,628,350

, R. W. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE Original Filed April 16. 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 10 May 10, 1927.

R. w. BAILEY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE Original Filed April 16. 1926 ll Sheets-Sheet 11 q Mai.

Patented May 10, 1927.

PATENT OFFICE.

RUFUS W. BAILEY, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE.

Application filed April 16, 1926, Serial No. 102,392. Renewed April 9, 1927.

safe under emergency conditions; and the provision of such a coach as described which shall be economical of the energizing agents which make possible the attainment of the line 6- 6 of' Fig. 4

above objects. object the provision of a rugged combination of parts for accomplishing the above ends, that is, a combination subject to little derangement or breakage during normal oreven abnormal use thereof. Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangements of parts which are exemplified in the structure hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings. in which are shown one of "arious embodiments of the combination herein setforth and several embodiments of certain elements thereof;

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a motor coach showing parts of the invention applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the deck of the coach showing parts of the invention;

Fig. 3 is a piping diagram;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a brake valve;

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the brake valve of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the brake valve shown in Figs. 4 and 5, taken on the and showing parts in full;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a CST control valve showing one position of the handle thereof; I

Fig. ,8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 showing the handle of the "alve in another position;

Fig. 9 is a vertical section taken on the line 99 of Fig. 7;

This invention has a further Fig. 10 is an elevation of a crown piece;

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the rotatable valve proper, of the control valve shown in Fig. 9;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 12-12 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary sectional view of a two-way check valve;

Fig. 14 is a plan view of a door engine showing parts broken away;

Fig. 15 is a side elevation of the door engine of Fig. 14 showing portions broken away and is taken on line 15-15 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a vertical section taken on line 1616' of Fig. 14; 17Fig. 17 is a vertical section taken on line 17 of Fig. 15;

1818 of Fig. 14;

F g. 18 is an ideal section taken on line Fig. '24 is a fragmentary side elevation with parts broken away of the parts show inFig. 23;

Fig. 25 is a vertical section valve shown in closed position and diagrammatically shows a signal circuit therewith;

Fig. 26 shows the application of differential emergency vali e to operating a door engame such as is shown in Figs. 14 to 18;

Fig. 27 is a vertical section of the differential emergency valve shown in Fig. 26;

Fig. 28 is a horizontal section of a door engine control valve; v

Fi 29 is a section-cilasteering gear showing the application 0? an emergency safety control valve thereto;

Fig. 30 is an enlarged detail section taken at the rim of the steering wheel;

Fig. 31 is a vertical section of an emergency safety control valve;

Fig. 32 is a. section of a quick service brake valve; and

Fig. 33 is a detail section showing a safetydoor control for a foot accelerator.

of a relay responding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

Deck arrongeownt.

Ileferrin now more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2. t ere is illustrated at l a motor coach comprisin an enclosed declr 3. p This deck 3 is provi ed forwardly thereof with a set of doors 7 to be used as an entrance to the coach. These doors 7 are located on the right hand side of the coach lookino forwardly thereof. On the left hand side of the coach posite said doors 7 is provided a door 5. he door 5 is provided for the entrance and exit of the driver only. and in this invention, comprises no automatic features. Rearwardly on the righthand side of said deck 3 is provided a set of doors 9 to be used as a passenger exit only, under normal conditions, but may be used as a passenger entrance, under such abnormal conditions as will be described hereinafter.

Under normal operating conditions all passengers enter the lower deck at the front doors 7, and in choosing a seat. pass rearwardly. Upon leaving. they pass rearwardly to the rear doors thus obviating the necessity for any forward tratlic in the aisle, that is, this is a one-way aisle.

The doors 7 and 9 and the braking system of the coach are under control of an interlocking compressed air system SP, illustrated in Fig. 3.

Control features.

The system SP may. without adjustment he put under the control of either one. two or three men, i. e. the driver, the driver and conductor, or the driver, conductor and street fare collector. The position of leaving passengers influences operation also. as will be described hereinafter.

The system SP involves several valve and door-engine detail features which will he explained and described before the use and operation of the system as a whole is described.

Val vex.

aoaaaao en gine control valves DEC. a control valve "Cid a ditlerential emergency valve DEV. a safety control valve FiCV, a pneumatic lglre valve AEP, and a quick service valve The descriptions of the various recited members will now be taken up. Other coach mechanisms will also be described.

laloe 0ST.

For the use of each the driver, conductor and street fare collector. a valve (ST is used. This valve will he described in all arts as herein used and the particular inodihcations made thereon for specific applicatio)ns will later be explained (see Figs. 7 to 12' The valve CST as illustrated in Figs. .7, 8 and 9 comprises a body 27 with a lower chambered cup 29 screwed upwardly thereto. Pipe N brings air to the body portion 527 and 29. A bore 31 leads from the pipe N to a. chamber 33 in cup .29. The chamber 33 contains a valve This valve 35 has titted thereto the stem 37. The valve is lrept seated against the body 27 by the coiled spring 41 which reacts at its lower end in a pocket 43 of the cup 29 and at its upper end against a cap 45 screwed to the valve 35. The cap 45 has cast centrally therewith a. lug 47 for aligning the spring 41.

The valve 35 has an arcuate groove 49 cut in its upper face which serves alternately to join ports DC and D0 of the body 27 with an exhaust rt EX. Likewise a groove 51 communicating with the passage serves to connect the pipe N throuah bore 31 alternately with said ports DC and DO.

In Figs. 7 to 9, the stem 37 is illustrated as having a permanent handle or lever 38 fitted thereto. This lever is adapted to e normally held in its Fig. 7 position, that is. door closing. position by the coil spring do. A pin 42 slidably held in the body 27. and having a piston head 44 which fits in a bore 46 of said body is adapted to be pressed against the stem 37 by means of air pressure brought to the bore 46 from an air line 43. When air presses on the piston head 44 at a proper pressure. then the pressure exerted by the pin 42 on the pin 37 is enough to prevent movement of the said pin 37 under action of the spring ell). The lever 38 may be manually moved however. regardless of the air pressure on the piston 44. The return spring under the piston head 44 serves to normally disengage the pin 4:2 from the pin 37. thereby permitting the spring 40 to move the lever 38. The reason for this cooperative action between the pin 42. and pin 37. whereby a braking action is obtained. will be made clear later.

Under certain conditions of operation for a conductor or street fare collector the handle 38 has substituted therefor a removable llu handle fitted to an upward squared portion of the pin 37 (not shown). A crown piece 56 is then fastened to the top of the body 27, which, due to a lateral slot. 58 permits operative oscillations of the removable lever, but because of the vertical slot 60, equal in width to the Width of the lever, will not permit of taking oft the lever except at one position, namely the solid-line Fig. 7 position'.

Now it is evident that in the ease of a removable lever being used for the lever 38, because of the crown-piece 56, that said removable lever or' handle can be applied to the valve stem 37 only when the groove 49 connects the port DO with the port EX and consequently when the pipe N is in communication with the port DC, that is, when the valve is in a door-closing position. It can be removed only under like conditions.

For use as a conductors valve CST-A2 and as a street fare collecto1"s-valve CST,1 the described valve CST (using a removable handle without the automatic brake 42) has only itsdoor closing port DC plugged shut.

For use as an operator's rear control valve CST3, this valve has'both the said portv DC and its exhaust port plugged shut (see Figs. 7 and 8) and-employs the spring returned handle as well as the automatic brake 12. 7

Door engines E.

The door-operating engines E (Figs. 14 to 18) each comprise a cylinder 57 within which is'mounted a pair of pistons 59 and 61. The pistons are held together as a unit by means of a rack bar 63. The bar 63 has rack teeth 65 cut therein to engage with a pinion 67 mounted vertically and at right angles to the center line of the cylinder 57. The pinion 67 is adapted to be turned through an angle of practically 180 degrees by movement of said rack 63. The said rack is moved under influence of the pistons 50 and 61 as the pistons move when air is turned into and out of the ends of the cylinder 57. The pinion 67 is made fast to a verticallyborne shaft 69 which passes outwardlv of the device and carries a wrist plate 71 preferably at the lower end thereof. The purpose of wrist plate is to pivot-ally carry connecting rods 73 and 75 for operating the doors (see also Figs. 23 and 24).

In order to oscillate the wrist plate 71 and at the same time adjustably cushion the operation of the doors kinematically connected thereto, the following valves and ports are used on each end of each of the air engines E (Figs. It to 18).

A combined inlet and exhaust pipe is led into a port 77 at each side of the cylinder 57. This port 77 leads to check valves 79 and 81 by way of a cross )ort 85. The port 77 has a conventional an strainer 83 set therein. Leading from the outlet side of the check valve 79 is a port 87 which has a branch port 89 leading into the end of the cylinder 57. Heads 91 are provided on said cylinder. These heads do notblock the ports or passages 89 because of bevel recesses 93 .cut into the cylinder '57.

A passage 95 leads from the cylinder 57 at a point near the end of the piston work stroke, to a cross passage 97. The passage 97 leads to said check valve 81 by way of a vertical passage 99. The passage 99 is provided with a renewable bored exhaust-ratevarying plug 101.

From the end of said cylinder leads another line 103 (below the said inlet assage 89) which joins a passage 105 lea ing to a third passage 107. The passage 107 leads to said cross passage between the check' valves 79 and 81. An adjustable throttling plug 109 is placed in the passage 105 (Fig. 15) for purposes of adjusting the rate of exhaust and consequently the rate of closing the doors. Passages such as described are formed at both ends of the cylinder 57.

The operation of the door engine E in order to reach its position shown in Figs.

' 14 to.18, is as follows:

By means of a valve to be described, air is permitted to enter the passage 77. It passes to the passage 85, seats the valve 81, but opens the valve 7 9, goes through passages 87 and 89 to the cylinder 57, whereby the piston 61 is forced back as shown. Hence the doors are repositioned. i

In order to reverse the movement of the doors air is admitted to the otherrtid of the cylinder, and the said inlet valve. to be described for the right-hand end, turned to an exhausting position. By this means the pistons tend to be forced to the right. The charge of pressured air in the right end'of the cylinder hasits pressure decreased as soon as said valve is set to exhausting position because air may leave by way of the passages 95, 97, plug 101. passage 99, valve 81, passages 85, and 77 to the said exhaust by way of proper pipes to be described.' This constitutes a quick release for the trapped air.

Next, as the pistontil moves to the right, the passage is covered. Some of the air had escaped by the passages about to be enumerated but now all remaining air must leave by such passages. These are passages; 103, (including the adjustable throttling plug 109), passages 107, 85, and '77 to said exhaust. Hence the doors are closed. Of course at the opening of the doors some a r entered by way of the last-named passages but not primarily so.

The purpose of the primary exhausting by way of the passage 95 is to quickly relieve relatively high pressure. Thereafter Ill) lit)

the throttled exhaust through the port 103 and the ports connected therewith causes a cushioning action in the movement of the doors whereby they .are prevented from slamming. The adjustable throttling plug 109 provides means for readily changing the amount of cushioning of the doors.

The means for admitting air at the right and exhausting at the left. or admitting air at the left and exhausting at the right of the cylinder will be described in detail later, and a coordination thereof with the said engines will he made clear.

Double check values It.

The check valves K (Fig. 13) each comprise a cylinder 14:") with a pipe connection at either end and one centrally thereof. Passages 14". 149 and 151 lead from these pipe connections to said cylinder. The latter passage 151 leads to the center of the cylinder 145 as shown. A free piston 153 is provided within the cvlinder 145. The piston 145 is provided with lips 155 and 157 which sent on gaskets 159 and 161 respectively. The piston 153 if of such length that the central .port 151 is open whenever the piston 153 is seated at either end of the cylinder. Thus. air entering the cylinder through either of the passages 147 or 149 forces the piston 153 to the oppositc end of the cylinder, Where one of its lips cooperates with a gasket. thus sealing that end of the cylinder 145. while the incoming air passes out through the open central port.

Automatic release rol er; AR.

The automatic release valve AR torms a component art of valve mechanisms Alt- IP and 1 lib-AD, the application of which mechanisms will he described later. The valve AR (Figs. 19 and 20) comprises a body portion 156 flanged at 158 for fasteninp: the body to other parts of the ve hicle. The body portion 156 is inwardly thinned at 160 and'said flange is inwardly and vertically threaded at 162. The inward threads 162 are adapted to receive a differcntiallv bored plug 163. The plug: 163 is provided with a shoulder 165 for seating purposes on the inward thtnge 159. The plug 163 is provided with the said vertical diilerential here 167 which has an enlarged lower portion 169. The lower enlarged portion of bore 169 is provided with a downwardly facing beveled seat 171. The plug 163 is adapted to divide the body 156 into two inward compartments. One of these compartments 179 is above the other compartment 175. The upper compartment 173 is closed by means of a threaded can 177. The said compartment 179 is provided with a threaded inlet port 179. l lelow the cornpartment andin the body 156 is forced a bored bushing 181. The bore 183 of this bushing 181 has a counter-bore at- 185 therein, and a lateral bore 188 meeting said counterbore. The bushing 181 has slidably fitted into its bore 183 a stem 187. The

stem 187 has a flat milled portion 189 cut lherein. It is also provided with a downwardly beveled shoulder 191 adapted to cooperate with a beveled upper portion 193 of said bore 183. When the beveled portion 191 of the stem 187 is seated on the beveled portion of the bushing 181 the milled portion is adapted not to come to the lower edge of the bushing. Above the beveled shoulder 191 is provided another flat shoulder 195 adapted to take the reaction of a spring 197 placed thereon. This spring 197. beside reacting on the said shoulder 19:"), reacts at its upper end against the plug 163. Pressed to the upper surface of the stem 187 within the confines of the spring 197 is a teat 199. An aligninc key prevents too much lateral play between the members 187 and 199 but does permit of unavoidable disalignment between the bores 109 and 183. A spring; 170 is provided in the bore ,169 for holding the teat 199 against the stem 187. The teat 199 is provided with a reduced portion 201 which extends slidably into the said enlarged lower hole 169 of the plug 163. The reduced portion 201 is milled-flat on one side. At the base of the reduced portion of the teat 199 is provided another beveled shoulder 203 adapted to cooperate with the said lower beveled seat 171 of the plug 163. I

It will be seen that this constructionresults in a second and lower chamber 175 within the lady 156. This chamber 175 is provided with a threaded outlet 207. Oppositely formed on the body 156 is a threaded exhaust port 209. The port'209 has a cored connection 211with the said laterally located bore 188. p

The vertical distance between the up or beveled shoulder 203 and the lower heve ed shoulder 191 is less than the distance between the beveled seat 171 of the plug 163 and the beveled seat 193 of the bushing 181. Hence in the position shown, the spring 197 is adapted to seat the shoulder 191 onthe seat 193, thereby keeping the exhaust port 209 out of communication "with the chamber 175. it the stem 187 is pushed upwardly against the reaction of the spring 197 until the beveled shoulder 203 striltes the beveled seat 171, said exhaust port 209 is put into communication with the said chamber 175 and outlet port 207 where said inlet. port has been in communication with the chamber and outlet port.

The operation of the valve AB is as follows:

If it is desired to pass air from the inlet port 179 to the outlet port 207 the stem to a tight sealed 'oint. The large pisw 187 is left free. This permits the spring 197 to close'the downward valve seats thus keeping the exhaust port 209' out of communication with the inner chamber 175 of the valve. Air then passes into the port 17 9, chamber 173 through the passages 167, 169 into the lower chamber 175 and to the outlet 207. The milled portion of the ex tension 201 permits passage of air through the bore 169 since said portion is formed to the shoulder 203. To shut the valve it is only necessary to press the stem 187 into the body 156 until the upper valve seat is closed. This 0 ens the lower seat. All passage of air rom the inlet port 179 to the outlet port 207 is thus stopped. However the opening of the lower seat ermit-s any air in chambers connected with t e outlet 207 to pass back from said outlet into the chamber 175 through the lower valve seat, through the bore 183, counter bore 185, lateral bore 188,cored passage 211 and out to the exhaust 209. The milled portion 189 is formed up to the said beveled shoulder 191 and therefore air may pass as described.

Door engine control 'val'ves DEC.

These valves (Fig. 28) comprise four annular body ortions 213, 215, 217 and 219. The end he y portion 213 forms a cylinder into which is fitted a relatively large diametered piston 221. The body portion 217 forms a cylinder into which is fitted the vrelatively small piston 223. The more or less centrally located body portion 215 forms a cylinder of relativel smaller bore thanv either of the said cylinders or body portions 213 and 217. Laterally formed in the body portion 213 is an outlet port 225. Longitudinally and centrally of said body portion 213 is formed the inlet port 227'. A corresponding outlet port 229 and a corres onding inlet port 231 are formed in the body portion 217 and the body portion 219 A respectively. The four body portions 213,. 215, 217 and 219 are bolted together by means of studs 233. The body portions have interposed between them gaskets 235, 237 and 239. These gaskets are formed of leather or other suitable material. 'Previone to the assembly of the body portions above described the said pistons have been fitted therein. Shanks 241 and 243 are contrally screwed into the pistons 221 and 223 respectively. A spring 214 wound around the said shanks 241 and 243'serves to hold the pistons apart and in the positions shown in Fig. 28.

Each )iston is provided upon its inward face with an annular lip 245 and the small piston 223 is provided with an annular hp 2 17 on its outer face. These li s are adapted to cooperate with said gas ets to ton is provided wit an inner face 249 adapted to come within the range of a branch port 250 of the outlet port 225 when the piston 221 is at the head of its cylinder 213. The piston 223, when, the iston 221 is at the head end of its cylinder is adapted to have its outer edge cross the outlet port 229.

Now when the piston 221 is at the tail end of its cylinder as illustrated in Fig. 28, then its left surface is adapted to clear the outlet port 225. lVhen'the small piston 223 is in its right hand position shown in Fig. 28, that is, at the tall end of this cylinder, then its inner surface is adapted to clear a branch port 256 of the said outlet port 229. In other words, the interior rtions of the cylinders 213 and 217 are a apted to communicate with the outlets 225 and 229 when their respective pistons 221 and 223 are at.

cal portion 257 is also provided with an exhaust rt 259. The function of the valve is as fol ows:

Relatively high pressured air coming into the inlet port 231 puts the pistons inthe positions op site to the position shown in Fig. 28 an passes to the outlet port 229 for use as required, namely to operate the door closin side of the door engines E (Fi 3). his puts the former outlet 225 of the body portion 213 -into communication with the exhaust ort 259. The outlet 225 -receives air from t e door opening side (i o of a door engine. Hence this air is exhausted.

'Since the large piston 221 has a greater area than the smal piston 223, air pressure entering the inlet port 227 equal. in ressure to that enterin inlet port 231 wo d cause the pistons to thrown over to the positions shown in Fig. 28. Hence an air that has theretofore passed from the inlet port 231 to the outlet port 229 would now escape to the exhaust port 259 as hereinbefore indicated. This would mean, in the present application of the valve, that air would escape from the door closing side cl 0 of a door engine.

The spring 244 serves as a lost-motion engagement between the pistons so that two lips such as 245 and 247 may seat simultaneously .on their respective gaskets even though said gaskets have unequal original thickness or shrink unevenl while in use. The operation is such that t e small piston may be'seated first and then the larger area of the large piston causes said large piston to be pushed forward, compressing the spring to such an eiitent that its lip imbeds itself in the gasket 239.

Meanwhile the air entering the inlet port 227 would pass to the outlet port 225, and in the.present application, would pass to the door opening si e d o of the said door engine.

Upon releasing or substantially decreasing the pressure on the large piston, the pressure on the small piston again causes the first described conditions and residue air from the door opening side d 0 of the said engine passes to the exhaust port 259.

The valve is adapted to permit a given reservoir pressure to normally pass to the door closin end (Z c of a door engine and to hold said engine in door closed position. This it does by passing through the small piston side of valve DEC. However, should this same pressured air be led by other paths to be described, to the large piston side of the valve DEC, the valve Wlll act to permit that air to pass to .the door opening1 side d 0 of the door engine and cause t e air in the said door closing side d c of said engine to exhaust.

With regard to Fig. 3 it should be noted that the door engine E-1 and E2 have had their respective ends arbitrarily designated with the letters 03 0 and d c for indicating the door-opening and door-clciing Control cal 0e UR.

This valve (see Fig. 25) is adapted to permit passage of high pressure air therethrough when certain lines reach another predetermined lower air pressure.

Referring now to Fig. 25, the valve CR comprises a body 261 provided with threaded ports 263 and 265. These ports 263 and 265 communicate with chambers 267 and 269 within the valve body 261. The chain? her 269 is below said chamber 267 and connects therewith by a longitudinal bore 271. This chamber 269 is closed and made air tight by a threaded cap273.

The said chambers are substantially circular. Above the chamber 267 is located another relatively large circular chamber 275 connected with said central chamber 267 by means of a concentric bore 277 The bores 277 and 271 are coaxial. The bore 277 is provided with a bushing 278.

The upper chamber is closed by 'a flat threaded cap 279. The cap 279 is provided with a threaded inlet port 281. baid cap retains between a flange 283 thereof and an inner shoulder 285 of said body 261, a fiat, tough and liable disc 287.

Located elow this disc and in roximity thereto is a metallic plate 288. his plate is adapted to act as a backing plate to. the disc when air pressure is led into the port 281. Said plate is provided with a down wardly extending cylindrical portion 289 centrally bored to receive a threaded shank 291 of a two-piece guide bar 293.- The cylinder 289 is counterbored at the bottom thereof to receive a Hat upper gasket 295 made of leather or other pliable material throu h which said shank 291 extends. A shoulder 297 on the guide bar 293 holds the gasket 295 in place. A circular lip 299 formed on the liner 278 is adapted to cooperate with said upper gasket 295.

The guide bar 293 comprises two similar pieces of cylindrical metal joined at the point 301 by ordinary means such as by the shelfaligning joint 302 as shown in the drawing.

The pieces are alike but the lower one is inverted and has its threaded shank 291 screwed into a counterbored abutment The shoulder 297 of the piece holds another lower gasket 295 in lace within said counterbore; and a lower 11 305 of the body 261 cuoperates with said owed gasket 295.

A coil spring 307 reacts under normal conditions, between the lower cap 273 and the abutment piece 303 to hold the lower gasket 295 to a seat on the lip 305, thus putting the lower chamber 269 and the con trol chamber 267 out of communication with one another.

The two pieces of the guide bar 293 are slotted along their lengths through the passages or bores 277 and 271 in all positions of the bar therein. The slots 308 and 309 abut the said gasket at one end of their respective lengths and at the other end pass into a cut-back ortion 311 at the juncture 301 between t e pieces. The slots are adapted to permit passage of air through the bores 271 and 277.

The upper chamber 275 is provided with an exhaust port 313 belowsaid disc 287.

The operation and adaption of the valve is as follows:

Air which is being used for braking purposes is led to the port 281, above the disc 287, This, air comes in varying pressures as will be explained again later. Sometimes it IS zero whe1(1 the brakes are not set. It is a maximum say ninety pounds er uare inch) part of the time during whic h the brakes are being set. At other periods during the braking operation it may be only at fifteen pounds per square inch for effective brake operation.

Now this valve, when used with the pressures quoted, namely fifteen and ninety pounds, has the effective projected areas of the disc 287 and the lower surface of the abutment 303 proportioned in the ratio of 6 to 1, that is, the area of the disc is six times that of the abutment. Hence these areas are in the inverse ratio of the critical pressures noted, namely fifteen pounds and ninety pounds.

Now if high pressure (ninety pounds per square inch) reservoir air asses into the lower port 265, it presses t 10 pressure on the abutment. Hence the air can not pass out of the chamber 269. This becomes a fact under the assumption that there is less than fifteen poundsfpressure above the disc 287. The then relative positions of the valve parts are as shown in Fig. 25.

Then, if air above fifteen pounds pressure he led into the inlet port 281 above the disc 287, that disc will be depressed and force the upper gasket 295 to a. seat on the upper lip 299. This will also result in the lower gasket 295 being pushed from its lower lip 305, and the high ressure (ninety pounds per square inch) air at the port 265 ma then pass into the chamber 269, out throng: the slot 309, through chamber 267 and to the port- 263. i

At any time that the predetermined pressure (such as fifteen pounds per square inch) is not maintained above the disc 287, the high-pressure air will again close itself of? as described, that'is, by raising theguide bar and seating the lower gasket 295. \Vhen this occurs the high-pressure air in the passages connected with the port 263 may go back through the passage 267, up. through the slot 307 and into the chamber 275 and out of the exhaust port 313.

This valve CR may act as an emergency relay where the air which may be led above the disc 287 is at the same pressure as the relayed or valved air.

Th's valve CR has a stoplight and a dash board signal light circuit SDC operatively connected therewith.

This circuit SDC is grounded through the metallic parts of the valve (JR, has a lighting battery B connected in circuit therewith, as well as lamps LS and DS, and a grounding switch GS. The switch GS is mounted on the body of the valve CR and comprises a simple insulating body portion 262 which slidably holds a spring pressed pin 264 made of electrically conductive material. This pin 26-1 is adapted rto be depressed by the said plate 288 when the plate 288 descends. At this contingency the pin 264 cooperates with a terminal 266 in the 'rounded circuit SDC, thereby closing the circuit and lighting the lamp LS and DS. \Vhen the disc 28H again rises the in 264 automatically breaksthe circuit llllt er action of its return spring 268. By this means a signal is displayed to other drivers on the highway and piston is upwardly to the coach driver whenever the ressure entering the line 281. is of magnitu e great enough to cause setting of the brakes, that is, above fifteen pounds per square inch or more. The lamps LS and DS are connected in series so that if the stoplight should accidentally burn out, then the driver will be aware of the fact, in so far as he will note that his dash signal is not operating.

' Differential emergency 'val've DEV.

This valve (Fi 27) has among other a plications thereo substitution for the said differential emergency control valve DEC of Fig. 28, and use as a differential emergency valve for use as indicated in the circuit illustrated in Fig. 3 under the nomenclature DEV.

his valve DEV comprises a body por tion 112 having therein an upper chamber 113 and a lower chamber 114 closed by heads 115 and 116 respectively. The head 115 holds a diaphragm 117 to the body 112 which is similar to the dia hragm 2870f the said valve CR. A wal 118 se arates -the chambers 113 and 114. This wal has a downwardly extending lip 119 formed there with and the saidcover piece 116 has a similar upwardly extending lip 120 formed therewith. A loose piston 121 floats in the chamber 114. Said piston 121 has leather faces at each end which are adapted to cooperate with said lips 119 and 120, depending upon which end of the chamber 114 the piston is located."

A port 122 havin communicates with the portion of the chamber 114 which is above the piston 121 but is cut off from such communication when the seated ,on the lip 119. When the pistoi'i'is seated as described on the lip 119, then the rt 122 communicates with the lower end 0 the chamber 114 (below the piston 121), that is by way of its branch port 123.

A second port 124 communicates with the chamber 114 below the piston 121. The chamber 114 communicates with the said chamber 113 by way of a passage 125 which has a groove 126 out therein. The passage 125 slidably receives a stem" 127 to which is fastened a backing plate 128 adapted to take the )ressure of the diaphragm 117. The efi'ectlve area of the diaphragm 117 is again greater than the effective areas of the piston 121. An exhaust passage 129 leads from the chamber 113 to the atmosphere.

The operation of the valve is simple.

' \Vhen only a relatively low pressure is bad above the diaphragm 117, that is entering the port 130, then relatively high ressurcd air entering the port 124 is adapte to push the piston 121 upwardly thereby causing it to coo rate with the stem 127 and to push the plate 128 upwardly. The high pressured we a branch passage 123 air may then pass from the port 12-1, through the chamber 114, the branch passage 123, and to the port 122. \Vhen the pressure entering the port 130 increases to a point above a predetermined relatively low amount, then the effect of the pressure from the port 12-i is overcome, and the plate 128, stem 127, and piston 121 are depressed until the piston 121 cooperates with the lip 120. The port 124 is thus cut out of communication with the port- 122 and air may exhaust from the port 122 back through the chamber 11%, milled passage 126, chamber 113 and out through the exhaust 129.

Fig. 26 illustrates one application of the valve DEV in which it is substituted for a differential emergency control valve DEC. Its detailed operation in this regard will later be made clear, hilt it is here evident that when substituted for the said valve DEC that absolutely all possibility of leakage operation between the high pressure and low pressure circuits is prevented because the air tight diaphragm is interposed be tween these circuits. The operation of the valve as a straight dilferential emergency valve will later be made clear when the diagram of Fig. 3 is explained.

Safety control oaloe SUV. 1

Figs. 29 to 31 show the construction of this valve and the attendant parts.

The ordinary steering rod SK ot the vehicle is provided with the wheel rim \V operable on said rod.

Below the hub of said wheel \V is a shell or tube 315 for protecting the steering column, to which is fastened a pair of bushings 316, the upper one of which is adapted to guide the hub 317 of the wheel 1V and the lower one of which is adapted to guide a tube 318. i

Extending in a somewhat radial fashion from the'said outer tube 318 of the upper end thereof are a plurality of spider arms 319 adapted to sup ort an auxiliary rim 320. The rim 320 is Juxtapositioned beneath the rim of the wheel \V and is partially positioned within a circular groove cut in beneath the rim of the said wheel W. The sectional contour of the rim of the wheel \V and the rim 320, when juxtapositioned is practically round, that is, of a form to easily tit the hand when steering. When the drivers hand is in position for steering the wheel \V, that is gripping it; then the rim 329 is held against the wheel \V and consequently the tube 318 is held in an elevated position. Slidable dowel ins 322 screwed into the upper end of the tu 318 serve as guides.

The lower end of the tube 318 is provided with a laterally extending flange 323 which is ada ted to cooperate with the in or stem 369 p the safety control valve CV. The

menace valve SCV is mounted on a bracket 324 which bracket is fastened to said tube 315.

The valve SUV is itself illustrated more particularly in Fig. 31.

It comprises a body 347 with an inner chamber 349 therein closed by a cap 351. A second chamber 353 is formed in said body 347 coaxially with the said chamber 319. Bore 355 connects the said chambers 349 and 353. The stem 369 extends through the chamber 353, bore 355 and into the chamber 349. It is beveled at points 357 and 359 for the purposes of seating at the lower and upper ends of the bore 355 at alternate times. The upper part of the stem 369 extends from the body 317 and is held in slidable alignment by means of a bushing 361. A spring 363 tends to hold the beveled portion 357 to a-seat, that is, under normal conditions of operation. If the upper end of the stem 369 is depressed, then the beveled mrtion 357 is lifted from its seat and the )cveled portion 359 is brought to its respective seat.

Now at a point below the seat 357 in the chamber 349 is formed a port 365. Between the seats 357 and 359 and communicating with the bore is a second port 367. Above the seat 359 and communicating with the chamber 353 is a third exhaust port 371.

()perationis as follows:

Compressed air from the port 365 tends to normally hold the beveled portion 357 to an upward seat, that is, with the aid of the spring 363. By this means flow of air from the port 365 through this valve SCV is prevented. At the same time air may exhaust from the port367 -through the bore 355, port 359, chamber 353 and to exhaust 371. If pressure is brought to bear on the stem 369, such as by the application of the weight of the tube 318- and attendant parts when not held upwardly by an operating hand:

aro'und the rim 320, then, the beveled seat 359. is closed and the seat 357 opened. By this means communication of theport 367 with the exhaust 371 is blocked and communication is had from the port 365 to the port 367 by way of chamber 349, seat 357 and bore 355,

It is evident that during the ordinary steering manipulations, that an operator is preforce required to grip the rims W and 320, thereby holding the flange 323 out of operable contact with the stem 369. Hence no air can flow from the port 365 to the port .367, but the port 367 is in communication Should the o erator with the exhaust 371. lose control of the coach through oosing his grasp on the wheel. (such as when death or the like overtakes him) then the flange 323 automatically drops on the stem 369 thereby putting the port 365 in communication with the port 367, and taking the lot ter port out of communication with the exhaust. The exact application of this operation to the pneumatic circuits herein used will later be clarified.

Brake valve AEP.

I seen that the valve comprises a body 503 on which is screwed a ca 505 adapted to hold down against a shoul er 507 on said body a flexible diaphragm 509. Between the diaphragm and the cap is interposed a sealing gasket 511.

Into an upwardly formed concentric recess 513 of the cap 505 is forced an annular cam 515. The cam has one high portion 517 and one low portion 519 and is of an inverted type.

Rotatably fitted into a central'bore of the cap 505 and passing downwardly through the annular cam 515 is av hollow operating post 521 provided with a laterally extending follower 523.

The follower is adapted to follow on the operating surface of the cam. An operating handle 525 is fitted tightly to the post.

The hollow portion of the vpost is .pro- 'vided with a coil spring 527 which abuts the top of the hollow portion and reacts on an abutment piece 529 bolted centrally on said diaphragm 509.

Movement of the handle 525, such that the follower rides on the high side of the cam 515, causes the diaphragm to be depressed.

The body 503 has an outlet port 547 screwed into the bottom thereof.

A bored bushing 549 is also screwed into said body from below. The bore is difierentially arranged with the smallest diameter below and a slot in the wall of said small diametered bore. The said small bore is met by a beveled smaller bore 551 of a nipple 553 screwed to said bushing. The nipple receives an exhaust pipe.

A second bored'bushing 555 is screwed into said body opposite the said bushing. It is provided with a slotteddifierential bore similar to the one above described. This bore is met by a small bore 557 from below of diameter less than the smaller diameter of the differential bore. Thebore 557 is beveled on its lower ed e and opens into a larger bore 559. A guide hole 561 leads "down from the bore 559.

An'inlet passage 563 is provided for the bore 559, as well as a gage passage 565 which leads to a pressure gage. The gage ma or may not be connected to this line. In i 3 an improved connection for the gage 15 illustrated and will be explained later. If

- 509 to the said pins.

in any case if the gage is not connected to the line 565, said line should be plugged shut. 1

Two pins 567 and 569 are fitted to the smaller bores of the bushing 549 and 555,

respectively. Springs, set into; the larger portion of the differential bore, tend to press the pins upwardly by means of shoulders on said pins. The pin 567 is adapted by means of a bevel 566 to seat on the upper beveled portion of the exhaust bore 551 when pressed down. The pin 569 does not seat when pressed down.

Screwed into the pin 569 is a shouldered and upwardly beveled pin 571, adapted to have its bevel seat on a lower bevel of the hole 557 when the pin is foreed upwardly by said spring above, and a spring acting therebelow.

A flexible cross-member 573 is; adapted to transmit the motionof said diaphragm The cross-member 57 3 is adapted to rock on a bearing. 574.

Operation of the valve is as follows:

In the position of the handle shown in the figures, which is non-braking} position, the inlet port is shut ofl; from the outlet port 547 by the small pin 571, and air from the outlet port 547 may pass to the exhaust port 551. In this position of the handle the brakes are released as far as the brake valve is concerned.

Now if the ear 523 is made to ride on the high side 517 of the cam, then the diaphragm 509 is forced down as well as the cross bar 573. Hence, by means of the said pins 567 and 569 the exhaust port is closed while the inlet port is open, thereby permitting air to pass to the outlet port and to the brake diaphragms. The, amount that the spring" 527 is compressed determines the ressure which will be applied at the bra es, because when braking pressure builds up beneath the diaphragm 509 to a value etermined by sai spring 527, then the valve 567 lifts slightly due to the rising action of the diaphragm 509. The braking pressure is therefore kept at a given value as determined b the position of the handle 525, which positioning determines the amount of pressure that the spring 527 is capable of exerting.

I Accelerator mechanism Fig. 33 illustrates the means by which an AR valve is adapted to become the AR-AD valve. A\valve AB is inverted so that its stem 187 extends upwardly. Slidably arranged in some portion of the frame of the vehicle, just above the AR-AD valve and normally held upwardly by means of a spring 184 is a heel plate 389 attached to a pressure pin 391. The pin 391 is adapted to engage the stem 187 whenever the heel of the operators foot is positioned in the 

